7 resultados para Mycobacterium tuberculosis

em Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid Portal


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The recent re-emergence of tuberculosis, especially the multidrug-resistant cases, has highlighted the importance of screening effective novel drugs against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In this study, the in vitro activities of small peptides isolated from snake venom were investigated against multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by the Bactec TB-460 radiometric method. A small peptide with the amino acid sequence ECYRKSDIVTCEPWQKFCYREVTFFPNHPVYLSGCASECTETNSKWCCTTDKCNRARGG (designated as vgf-1) from Naja atra (isolated from Yunnan province of China) venom had in vitro activity against clinically isolated multidrug-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis. The MIC was 8.5 mg/l. The antimycobacterial domain of this 60aa peptide is under investigation. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. and the International Society of Chemotherapy. All rights reserved.

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A new approach, short-oligonucleotide-ligation assay on DNA chip (SOLAC), is developed to detect mutations in rifampin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The method needs only four common probes to detect 15 mutational variants of the rpoB gene within 12 h. Fifty-five rifampin-resistant M. tuberculosis isolates were analyzed, resulting in 87.3% accuracy and 83.6% concordance relative to DNA sequencing.

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目的 检测7 种从蛇毒分离的小肽是否对临床分离的耐药性结核分枝杆菌菌株具有活性。方法 放射性方法检测蛇毒 小肽对结核分枝杆菌的最小抑制浓度,细菌存活计数确证放射性方法的结果。结果 7 种蛇毒小肽对耐药性结核分枝杆菌菌 株都有活性。其MIC 值分别为(μg·mL - 1) : Opiophagus hannah 5. 4 , Naja at ra 8. 6 , B ungarus f asciatus 6. 4 , Trimeresurus ste2 jnegri 12. 6 , Protobothrops mucrosquamatus 11. 8 , Protobothrops jerdonii 7 , A gksist rodon halys 4. 2 。结论 这些结果是首次报 道,为进一步设计和开发新来源的抗结核病新药提供了依据。

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An oligonucleotide ligation assay-based DNA chip has been developed to detect single nucleotide polymorphism. Synthesized nonamers, complementary to the flanking sequences of the mutation sites in target DNA, were immobilized onto glass slides through disulfide bonds on their 5' terminus. Allele-specific pentamers annealed adjacent to the nonamers on the complementary target DNA, containing 5'-phosphate groups and biotin labeled 3'-ends, were mixed with the target DNA in tube. Ligation reactions between nonamers and pentamers were carried out on chips in the presence of T4 DNA ligase. Ligation products were directly visualized on chips through enzyme-linked assay. The effect of G:T mismatch at different positions of pentamers on the ligation were evaluated. The results showed that any mismatch between pentamer and the target DNA could lead to the decrease of ligation, which can be detected easily. The established approach was further used for multiplex detection of mutations in rpoB gene of rifampin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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本研究通过一系列生物学手段系统阐述了结核分枝杆菌尼克酰胺酶/吡嗪酰胺酶(PncA酶)的生物化学特征,并鉴定了酶当中的关键氨基酸。结果表明体外表达的结核分枝杆菌PncA酶是一个分子量为22.4 KDa的单体酶,其最适pH值和温度分别为6.6 ~ 7.4和35 ~ 45 °C。电感耦合等离子原子发射光谱结果表明PncA酶是一种含有Mn2+和Fe2+的蛋白,二者的比率为1:1。通过运用高效液相色谱和耦联氨酶试验的方法对纯化的PncA酶进行了动力学分析,结果表明PncA酶拥有相同的吡嗪酰胺酶和尼克酰胺酶活性。通过定点突变得到了9个突变,圆二色谱数据证明突变并没有引起PncA酶的二级结构的改变。对这9个突变的酶活性和金属离子含量分析的结果表明,D8、K96和C138是PncA酶结合和催化底物的关键氨基酸残基,D49、H51、H57和H71是金属离子结合的关键氨基酸,而Y103和S104则有可能与底物的结合稳定有关。我们的结果也表明,尽管与Pyrococcus horikoshii PncA酶的序列同源性很高,但二者在对金属离子的结合方式上存在明显差异, 并有可能导致两者在催化机制上的差异, 值得进一步研究。 通过筛选抗吡嗪酰胺药物的临床分离结核分枝杆菌19株,并对其pncA基因序列进行测序分析。结果再一次表明结核分枝杆菌PncA酶的突变与吡嗪酰胺耐药性密切相关,检测的准确性为78.9 %,并发现了一个在16位的甘氨酸突变为丝氨酸的新突变。

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结核分枝杆菌(M.tuberculosis),俗称结核杆菌,是引起结核病的病原菌。可侵犯全身各器官,但以肺结核为最多见。结核病至今仍为重要的传染病。估计世界人口中1/3感染结核分枝杆菌。据WHO报道,每年约有800万新病例发生,至少有300万人死于该病。我国建国前死亡率达200-300人/10万,居各种疾病死亡原因之首,建国后,随着人民生活水平提高,卫生状态改善,特别是开展了群防群治,儿童普遍接种卡介苗,结核病的发病率和死亡率大为降低。由于耐药结核的出现已及HIV共感染等因素影响,目前发病率又有上升趋势。对于结核病的防治而言,其首要问题是结核病的诊断,而结核病的实验室检查已成为临床医生诊断结核病、判断疗效和评估预后不可缺少的手段。结核病的临床诊断主要根据病史、痰培养、涂片抗酸染色、胸片等结果,其中痰结核检查是诊断肺结核的重要依据之一,检测方法常规采用细菌学检查。痰中细菌学检查主要采用痰涂片和培养方法,涂片虽简单易行,但阳性率低,培养虽为金标准,但周期太长,均难以满足临床需要。细菌对部分患者可造成误诊或漏诊。近年来随着现代科学技术的不断进展,分子生物学技术在结核病诊断方面取得了显著的成绩,实时动态荧光定量(FQ—PCR)技术又是在原有的PCR技术上一次质的飞跃。 尽管许多文献已经报道了结核耐药的分子机理,但耐药的分子机理并没有充分了解。本研究利用全基因组鸟枪法测序和高通量测序技术,测定了两株结核分枝杆菌菌株TFJA和TFJB全基因组序列,分别为药物敏感株和耐多药株。在序列初步拼接后,获得了由189个DNA contigs(DNA序列连接群)组成的基因组框架图。借助10kb左右插入片段克隆的正反向末端序列信息以及PCR扩增技术,确定了全部DNA contigs在基因组上的物理位置,最后补上了所有“间隙(gap)” ,得到了全基因组序列。三种限制性酶切物理图谱证明了序列拼接的正确性。两株结核菌基因组大小为4.4Mbp左右,GC含量都在65.6%左右,其中TFJB株比TFJA株大7kbp,分别具有3591、3648个基因,83.7%的基因位于先导链上。我们比较了两株细菌的949SNPs位点,发现94个在TFJB中不同nsSNPs,这些SNPs位点的碱基在其它的结核分枝杆菌基因组中是相同的。我们去掉了那些代谢途径与毒力代谢无关的基因,最后选择了6个基因的18个SNP,检测这些SNP在277株耐药或者药物敏感结核分枝杆菌中的保守性以及其耐药相关性。用PCR扩增含有SNP的序列,用统计学检验这些SNP是否耐药相关,结果发现,TFJB0109_CDS04405基因的407位点SNP(g->a)和TFJB0109_CDS00149基因上的SNP(720a->c,722插入t,727t->g,729g->t,以及735g->t)可能与SM耐药相关,其P-value分别是0.04128、0.02160和0.01394(见表3)。 结核是一种慢性传染病,其病原体为TB。在全基因组序列分析研究的同时,我们筛选到一套灵敏度较高、特异性较好的REAL TIME-PCR检测引物,并用它对105份不同发病时间的病人标本进行了检测。初步结果表明,应用本方法,样本检出率为98%,这一结果比涂片及分离培养更灵敏。